Dermoid cysts can occur in any person, regardless of race, sex, and age. Dermoid cysts in the ovary, of course, occur only among women. Dermoid cysts in the face, neck, or scalp, however, are usually present at birth and clearly visible.
A dermoid cyst is a complex ovarian cyst that grows from the totipotential germ cell. Known for containing solid physical tissue such as hair, teeth, and bone, a dermoid cyst in the ovaries most often develop during a woman's prime childbearing years, between the ages of 20 and 40, though they can develop at any age. Dermoid cysts are often surgically removed as a result of the intense pain they produce when they cut off the blood supply of the ovaries. Other dermoid cysts have been known to occur on the face, neck, or scalp.
A dermoid cyst in an ovary is usually a mature teratoma that is benign. Dermoids are fairly common in women over the age of 40 years. Dermoid cysts are rarely cancerous though they make up about one half of all benign ovarian tumors. About 1 to 2 percent of dermoid cysts are cancerous.
Cancerous dermoid cysts are referred to as immature teratomas. The development that occurs early on will determine if or not a dermoid cyst may become cancerous. Dermoid cysts are rarely ever cancerous, and can vary in its content, often known to contain hair, sweat glands, cartilage, and muscle fibers. There is slim to no chance that a dermoid cyst will turn into a cancerous cyst once there are hairs or other similar features that appear on it.
A typical dermoid cyst is asymptomatic but can normally be found during a routine pelvic exam. They are seen as growths on an ovary, sometimes twisting themselves or rupturing, both which can cause severe pain in the abdominal or pelvic area. When dermoid cysts are found in the ovaries, it is often best to have them surgically removed to avoid future complications. The irritation of the abdominal cavity, called peritonitis, is very painful and likely if the dermoid cyst keeps growing.
Abdominal pain or pain in the pelvic area can be caused if an ovarian cyst begins to twist or even burst and is often the most common sign that a woman has Dermoid cysts on or in the ovaries. Unfortunately nearly all types of ovarian cysts have the same types of symptoms and a accurate determination can only be made with a proper exam by your doctor before possible surgical options should be discussed.
As with all complex ovarian cysts, dermoid cysts need to be watched for complications. There are specific symptoms that women should report to their physicians. Neither fertility nor risk of pregnancy complications are affected by removing a dermoid cyst. Patients should still use caution following surgery to reduce the risk of scar tissue formation.
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